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TIRE DAMAGES

YOUR TIRE MAINTENANCE CHECKLIST

HOW TO TAKE CARE OF YOUR TIRES

WHAT IS INSIDE A TIRE?

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS

 

TYRE DAMAGES

 YOUR TIRE MAINTENANCE CHECKLIST  (move up ▲)

PRESSURE (move up ▲)

Under inflation can lead to tire failure. It results in unnecessary tire stress, irregular wear, loss of control and accidents. A tire can lose up to half of its air pressure and not appear to be flat!

ALIGNMENT (move up ▲)

A bad jolt hitting a curb or pothole can throw your front end out of alignment and damage your tries. Have a tire dealer check the alignment and damage your tires. Have a tire dealer check the alignment periodically to ensure that your car is properly aligned.

ROTATION (move up ▲)

Regularly rotating your vehicle’s tries will help you achieve more uniform wear. Unless your vehicle owner’s manual has a specific recommendation, the guidelines for tire rotation are approximately every 6000 – 8000 miles.

TREAD
(move up ▲)

Advanced and usual wear can reduce the ability of tread to grip the road in adverse conditions. Visually check your tires for uneven wear, looking for high and low areas or usually smooth areas. Also check for signs of damage.
Log on to www.rma.org for more information about tire safety.

HOW TO TAKE CARE OF YOUR TIRES (move up ▲)

Proper tire care and safety is simple and easy. The rubber manufactures Association (RMA) recommends getting in the habit of taking five minutes every month to check you tires, consult a tire dealer as soon possible.

PRESSURE

It ‘s important to have the proper air pressure in your tires, as under inflation can lead to tire failure. The “right amount” of air for your tires is specified by the vehicle manufacturer and is shown on the vehicle door edge, door post, glove box door or fuel door. It is also listed in the owner’s manual.

1.     When you check the air pressure, make sure the tires are cool – meaning they are not hot from driving even a mile. (NOTE: if you have to drive a distance to get air, check and record the tire pressure first and add the appropriate air pressure when you get to the pump. It is normal for tries to heat up and the air pressure inside to go up drive. Never “bleed” or reduce air pressure when tires are hot.)

2.     Remove the cap from the valve on one tire

3.     Firmly Press a tire Gauge onto the valve.

4.     Add air to achieve recommended air pressure.

5.     If you overfill the tire, release air by pushing on the metal a fingernail or the tip of a pen. Then recheck the pressure with your tire gauge.

6.     Replace the valve cap.

7.     Repeat with each tire, including the spare. (NOTE: Some spare tire requires higher inflation pressure.)

8.     Visually inspect the tires to make sure there are no nails or other objects embedded that could poke a hole in the tire and cause an air leak.

9.     Check the sidewalls to make sure there are no gouges, cuts, bulges or other irregularities.
NOTE: Air pressure in a tire goes up (in warm weather) or down (in cold weather) 1 – 2 pounds for every 10 degrees of temperature change.

ALIGNMENT (move up ▲)

Misalignment of wheels in the front or rear can cause uneven and rapid tread wear and should be corrected by a tire dealer. Front-wheel-drive vehicles and those with independent rear suspension, require alignment of all four wheels. Have your alignment checked periodically as specified by the vehicle owner’s manuals or whenever you have an indication of trouble such as “pulling” or vibration.
Also have your tire balance checked periodically. An unbalanced tire and wheel assembly may result in irregular wear.

Why Check Your Alignment?
(move up ▲)

1.     If your cars suspension system is out of alignment, your tire will wear unevenly and you may experience handling problems. Potholes and rough roads can contribute to the problems with alignment.

2.     Front-wheel drive vehicles and those with independent rear suspension. Require alignment of all four wheels.

3.     Have a tire dealer check your alignment periodically as specified by your vehicle’s owner manual or if handling
problems develop, such as “pulling” or vibration.

4.     Also have your tire balance checked periodically. An unbalanced tire and wheel assembly may result in irregular wear

ROTATION (move up ▲)

Sometimes irregular tire wear can be corrected by rotating your tires. Consult your vehicle owner’s manual, the tire manufacturer or your tire dealer for the appropriate rotation pattern for your vehicle. NOTE: If your tires show uneven wear, ask your tire dealer to heck for and correct any misalignment, imbalance or other mechanical problem involved before rotation.
Before rotating your tires, always refer to your vehicle owner’s manual for rotation recommendations. If no rotation period is specified, tires should be rotated approximately every 6000-8000miles.


Why Rotate your tires? (move up ▲)

1.     Each tire on your car support a different amount of weight, this unequal weight distribution causes your tires to wear at different rates. By rotating your tires, you can extend their useful life.

2.     If your tires show uneven wear, ask your tire dealer to check for and correct any misalignment, imbalance or other mechanical problem involved before rotation.

3.     Refer to your vehicle’s owner manual for rotation recommendations. If no rotation period is specified, tires should be rotated approximately every 6000 miles.

4.     Sometimes front and rear tires use different pressure. After rotation, adjust individual tire air pressure to the figures recommended for each wheel position by the vehicle manufacturer.

TREAD (move up ▲)

Tires must be replaced when the tread is worn down to 1/16 of an inch in order to prevent skidding and hydroplaning. An easy test: place a penny into tread groove. If part of the Lincoln’s head is covered by the tread, you’re driving with the proper amount of tread. If you can see all of his head, you should buy a new tire.
Built-in tread wear indicators. Or “wear bars,” which look like narrow strips of smooth rubber across the tread will appear on the tire when the tread is worn down to one-sixteenth of an inch. When you see the “wear bars,” the tire is worn out and should be replaced.
Visually check your tires for signs of uneven wear you may have irregular tread wear if there are high and low areas or unusually smooth areas. Consult your tire dealer as soon as possible.

OTHER IMPORTANT INFORMATION (move up ▲)

Practice good driving habits, which will help keep your tries in good condition.

  • Obey posted speed limits.
  • Avoid fast starts, stops and turns.
  • Avoid potholes and other objects on the road.
  • Do not run over curbs or hit your tires against the curb when parking.
  • Do not overload your vehicle. Check your vehicle’s tire information in the owner’s manual for the maximum recommended load for your vehicle.

If properly cared for, tires can last a long time usually from 40000 to 80000 miles, depending on the application.

Tires and Auto Safety (move up ▲)

1.     Number of tires on the road in America in 1999 on non-commercial vehicles (cars and light trucks, including SUV) : 882 million

2.     Number of tires shipped in 1999 : 316 million

3.     Miles driven by non-commercial vehicles in 1998 :2.4 trillion

4.     Occupant fatalities in 1999 in cars and light trucks :35,806

5.     Number of fatalities in 1999 that involved “tire related factors” :647 or 1.8 percent

6.     Recommended frequency for visual inspection and air pressure check of all four tires and the spare : one a month and before every long trip.

*(Sources: National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, Rubber Manufacturers Association)

WHAT IS INSIDE A TIRE? (move up ▲)

Tread: Provides traction and cornering grip
Belts: Stabilize and strengthen the tread
Sidewall: Protects the side of the tire from road and curb damage
Body Ply: Gives the tire strength and flexibility
Bead: Assure an air-tight fit with the wheel
Inner liner: Keeps air inside the tire

 

faq-5.jpg

Modern tire technology blends a unique mix of chemistry, physics and engineering to give consumers a high degree of comfort, performance, efficiency, reliability and safety. Many tires are custom designed to meet the stresses and performance needs specified by the maker of a particular model vehicle. Every tire is carefully inspected, and random samples are pulled for additional safety tests. As part of these tests, tires are x-rayed, cut apart and examined, run on test wheels, or road-tested to evaluate handling, mileage and traction performance. If properly cared for, tires can last a long time- usually from 40000 to 80000 miles, depending on the application.

HOW A TIRE IS MADE (move up ▲)

As many as two hundred different raw materials combine into a unique mix of chemistry, physics and engineering to give consumers the highest degree of comfort, performance, efficiency, reliability and safety modern technology and creativity an provide. Here are the basic steps:

PLANNING AND DESIGNS (move up ▲)

Many tires are custom-designed to meet the stresses and performance needs specified by the maker of a particular model vehicle. The process begins with a computer, which converts the mathematics of a car’s special needs into specifications. A prototype tire is then made to test the tire design’s ability to provide the desired characteristic. Custom-designing a tire for a particular vehicle typically takes many months of testing, inspection, and quality checks by the tire maker and the vehicle maker. Only then does the vehicle maker commit with an order.

MANUFACTURING (move up ▲)

The production process begins with the selection of several types of rubber along with special oils, carbon black, pigments, antioxidants, silica and other additives that will combine the various raw materials for each compound into a homogenized batch of black material with the consistency of gum. The mixing process is computer-controlled to assure uniformity. The compounded materials are then sent to machines for further processing into the sidewalls, tread or other parts of the tire.

Then the task of assembling the tire begins. The first component to go on the tire building machine is the inner line, a special rubber that is resistant to air and moisture penetration and takes the place of an inner tube. Next come the body piles and belts, which are often made from polyester and steel. Plies and belts give the tire strength while also providing flexibility. The belts are cut to the precise angle and size the tire engineer specifies to provide the desired ride and handling characteristics. Bronze-coated strands of steel wire, fashioned into two hoops, are implanted into the sidewalls of the tires to form the bead, which assures an airtight fit with the rim of the wheel. The tread and the sidewalls are put into position over the belt and body piles, and then all the parts are pressed firmly together. The end result is called a “green” or uncured tire.

The last step is to use the tire. The green tire is placed inside a mold and inflated to press it against the mold, forming the tread and the tire identification information on the sidewall. Then it is heated at more than 300 degrees Fahrenheit for twelve to fifteen minutes, vulcanizing it to bond the components and to cure the rubber. (FACT: This twelve to fifteen minute curing process is for passenger and light truck tires size!)
Every tire is then inspected, and sample tire are randomly taken from the line and tested. Some are x-rayed, some are cut apart to look for flaws, others are run on test wheels, or road-tested to evaluate handling, mileage and traction performance.

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS (move up ▲)

1.     Always fit correct size &type of tyre recommended by vehicle Manufacturer.

2.     Check all tyre pressure including spare tyre at least one in every 15 days.

3.     Maintain tyre pressure as per vehicles specification to ensure optimum life out of tyre & safety drive.

4.     Check & adjust all tyre pressure when tyres are cold i.e. early morning & not when tyres are hot .

5.     Never reduce air pressures from tyres during summer season or let out any air from hot tyres

6.     Always fix new tyres on front axle & never mix tyres of different make & structure on same axle as it affects braking ability.

7.     Always rotate tyres from front axle & vice versa at 15000 KM to minimize irregular wear & increase tyre life.

8.     Never use worn out tyres or old second hand tyres as it is very dangerous to drive on them, change them promptly.

9.     Always put a valve cap on tyre of tubeless tyres.

10.   Always put a new tube in new tube type tyres, never fit it without a tube i.e. as a tubeless.

 

 
 
 
 

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